The rate of recurrence of trichiasis was 10% after a single dose of oral azithromycin compared with 13% after topical tetracycline therapy, with the protective effects evident for up to 3 years after surgery, but not significantly different between the 2 drugs (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 - 1.10) at the 3-year follow-up. Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness, accounting for an estimated 15.5% of blindness worldwide, according to the authors. Years of repeated infection with the Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria lead to chronic follicular conjunctivitis, which may result in scarring of the eyelid and in-turned lashes rubbing against the surface of the eye.
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